Their presence is associated with poor prognosis and survival of patients with several types of cancer ( 8). Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) and M2 macrophages share tumour-promoting functions and surface markers ( 7). These cells release anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10, express high levels of arginase and scavenger receptor A (including mannose receptor, CD206), have poor antigen-presenting capability but enhanced debris clearance ability, which is important for promotion of wound-healing and angiogenesis ( 6). TH-2 type cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 ( 5). M2 or ‘alternatively activated’ macrophages are induced by e.g.
They express high levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and can be cytotoxic against neoplastic cells ( 4).
M1 cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-12, and IL-23. The M1 phenotype can be induced by IFNγ alone or combined with microbial products, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Two extremes of macrophage activation continuum have been designated: M1 and M2. Macrophages are cells with high plasticity that can adapt their profile according to specific environmental stimuli ( 1- 3). This model may be used to study pancreatic cancer-macrophage plasticity in e.g. Conclusion: PDA6606 pancreatic cancer cells expectantly and potently induced M2 polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages. In ovo, PDA6606 cells and conditioned media polarized macrophages to the M2 phenotype, which in turn promoted tumour growth and angiogenesis via their surface marker profiles and VEGF production. Results: By comparing chemically-induced M1 and M2 macrophages, a clear induction of the M2 phenotype of RAW macrophages by PDA6606 pancreatic cancer cells was observed in vitro. Macrophages were analyzed by microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and flow cytometry. Materials and Methods: Co-cultures of two cell lines, PDA6606 cells with RAW macrophages cells were used in vitro and in ovo. The aim of this study was to identify an easy-to-use cell culture model suitable for studying this interaction and macrophage polarization. Mouse RAW264.Background/Aim: Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are highjacked M2-polarized macrophages that especially promote pancreatic cancer growth. Mouse RAW264.7 Macrophages - NF-κB-SEAP and IRF-Lucia Reporter Cells IRF/KIN-MIP2 -Reporter Cells RAW-Dual™ Cells Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages - IRF-inducible Reporter Cells Mouse RAW264.7 Macrophages - NF-κB-SEAP Reporter Cells Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages - NLRC4 knockout Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages - Caspase-11 knockout Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages - Gasdermin D knockout Products Inflammasome Test Cells RAW-ASC CellsĪSC-expressing murine RAW 264.7 macrophages The frameshift mutation/deletion on both alleles of the target gene has been verified by DNA sequencing. The knockout genotype of these cell lines is guaranteed. RAW-Lucia™ cells express the Lucia luciferase reporter gene.Ī collection of knockout cell lines has been generated in the RAW-Lucia™ ISG cell line for genes involved in the recognition of nucleic acids. RAW-Blue ™ cells express the secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) reporter gene. InvivoGen has developed RAW-Blue ™ cells and RAW-Lucia ™ cells, which express a secreted inducible reporter gene to monitor the activation of the NF-κB or interferon regulatory factor (IRF) pathway, respectively. This cell line is a commonly used model of mouse macrophages for the study of cellular responses to microbes and their products. RAW 264.7 cells are a macrophage-like, Abelson leukemia virus-transformed cell line derived from BALB/c mice.
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